The Lithium is a soft, silver-white metal known for being the lightest solid element on Earth. It belongs to the alkali metal group, which means it reacts quickly with water and air if not stored properly. Lithium is never found freely in nature because of this high reactivity, so it is usually extracted from minerals or salt-rich brine water. Some common mineral sources include spodumene, lepidolite, and petalite, while many modern lithium operations derive the metal from underground brine lakes that naturally contain lithium salts. Because lithium is extremely lightweight and has excellent electrochemical behavior, it became one of the most valuable metals for energy storage and high-performance industry needs.

Lithium has wide applications in rechargeable batteries, heat-resistant glass, lubricating grease, and lightweight alloys. In batteries, lithium moves easily between electrodes, allowing faster charging and higher energy retention compared to traditional metals. Lithium-based alloys help aerospace and automotive parts reduce total weight, improving fuel efficiency. It is also used in ceramics, welding fillers, chemical synthesis, air treatment, and electronics cooling systems. Although lithium is highly useful, safety guidelines ensure it is stored in oil or sealed containers to avoid unwanted reactions. As global energy demand increases, lithium remains central to next-generation power materials, sustainable storage technology, and high-density electrical performance solutions.